Vietnam

Hanoi is the correct answer because it is Vietnam’s official capital and the seat of government, located on the Red River in the north. It served as the capital of North Vietnam from 1945 and remained the capital after reunification in 1976. Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon) is the country’s largest city and economic hub, while Da Nang and Nha Trang are important coastal cities, but none is the capital. Hanoi is celebrated for its Old Quarter’s guild streets, French colonial architecture, and the Temple of Literature (Vietnam’s first national university, founded in 1070). Memory tip: Hanoi = Head of the nation in the North (H + N). Ho Chi Minh City is in the south—big in business, but not the capital.