India

New Delhi is the official capital of India, hosting the national government’s key institutions—the Parliament of India, the Prime Minister’s Office, and the President’s residence (Rashtrapati Bhavan). Chosen to replace Calcutta (now Kolkata) as capital in 1911, it was planned by architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker and inaugurated in 1931 as the administrative heart of the country. Context: Mumbai is India’s financial capital and largest city; Bengaluru (Bangalore) is the tech hub; Kolkata was the British Raj capital until 1911. Memory tip: New nation’s decisions happen in New Delhi—while MumB = Money (finance), BanG = Gadgets (tech), and KolK = Colonial past. So for the political capital, pick New Delhi.