Guatemala

Guatemala City is the capital and largest city of Guatemala, serving as the country’s political, economic, and cultural hub. It became the capital in 1776 after devastating earthquakes in 1773 destroyed much of Antigua Guatemala (the former capital), prompting a move to the safer Valley of the Hermitage. To remember it, note that the capital shares the country’s name—like Mexico City in Mexico. The other options are important but not capitals: Antigua is a preserved colonial gem and former capital; Quetzaltenango (often called Xela) is a major highland city; and Chichicastenango is famous for its vibrant indigenous market. So, when in doubt, “Guatemala City for Guatemala” is the reliable rule.